This new edition is built around a discussion of long-standing issues based on practical experience from recent years. The bee has not changed for millions of years, but beekeeping cannot remain unchanged. In the context of climate change, deteriorating ecology and a poorer forage base, the technology of managing bee colonies will also need to be adjusted.

The book pays particular attention to the evolution of defensive mechanisms and the selection of bees under natural selection. To what extent can the past development of the insect be linked with today’s civilisation in order to preserve natural heritage?

It also provides clarifications and additions to previous work on the wintering of several queen bees in one winter cluster, based on observations from recent years. A special focus is given to the wintering of colonies on crystallised honey. This edition is intended for creatively minded beekeepers at any level of practical experience.